TECHNOLGICAL
OPERACION |
in
the year 1913. |
in
the year 2011. |
Beet
extraction |
-
manually, by pitchforks |
-
in a mechanized way, combines, lines |
Beet
transportation |
-
by a normal-track railway
- by a narrow-track railway
- water transportation by freight boats |
-
by road vehicles: trucks and tractors
- by normal-track railway |
Beet
receipt |
-
measuring on carriage scales
- manual unloading and dumper tracks unloading
- beet canals |
-
measuring on carriage scales
- unloading by water jets
- beet canals |
Beet
flooding and rinsing |
-
water jets
- rinsing bowls
- measuring of clean beet |
-
water jets
- rinsing bowls |
Beet
choping |
-
choppers with horizontal table
- Goller knives |
-
drum chopper
- choppers with horizontal table
- conoid-fielder knives
- crushing of fragments and rape
- measuring of shredded beet |
Juice
extraction |
-
diffuse batteries (discontinually)
- measuring of raw juice
- vertical filtering-press for shredded beet
- press water used to be thrown away |
-
diffuse towers (continually)
- souring of the diffuse water
- horisontal filtering-press for shredded beet
- adding of gypsum into the fresh water which is returned in diffusion |
Juice
clearing |
-
cold progressive pre-alkalinization with lime milk
- saturation in three degrees with carbon dioxide
- heating in the heaters
- warm alkalinization
- filtering by filter presses |
-
cold progressive pre-alkalinization with lime milk
- saturation in three degrees by carbon dioxide
- warm alkalinization
- heating in the heaters
- filtering by DDS, sparkplug-like, disc and vacuum filters, PKF presses |
Desteaming
of water and juice |
-
one comlex desteaming station
- apparatus under vacuum |
-
five degrees desteaming station, the fifth degree under vacuum |
Sugar
cooking |
-
two-product scheme: crystal and the final product
- coolers: sides and refrigerants
- vacuum devices with an annular chamber |
-
tri-product scheme (A,B,C crystal base)
- coolers: sides and verticals
- vacuum devices with an annular chamber
- vacuum devices with a pipe chamber and a mixer |
Centrifugation
and dehumiditification |
-
discontinuous centrifuges
- drying of sugar in centrifuges
- measuring of sugar
- molasses in the caisson |
-
discontinuous and continuous centrifuges
- drying of sugar in a drum druying chamber
- measuring of sugar
- molasses in the caisson |
Finalization
of sugar |
-
packaging in jute sacks and storage in floor storehouses |
-
storage in silos
- packaging in sodium hydroxide and PVC sacks
- production of lump sugar
- small packaging in PVC foils |
Production
of lime milk and gas |
-
pit conoid furnace
- a MIK device for slaking the lime
- classifier for the separation of sand
- laver for rinsing of carbon dioxide
- steam-drive compressors |
-
pit cylindrical furnace
- a MIK device for slaking the lime
- classifier for the separation of the lime
- laver for rinsing carbon dioxide
- electro-drive compressors |
Drying
of shredded beet |
-
furnaces for drying shredded beet by smoke from smoke-tube boilers
- the drum for drying shredded beet by coal
- baling of shredded beet and bulk |
-
drums for drying shredded beet by their own firing of masuta and coal
- palleting of shredded beet
- putting shredded beet and bulk in sacks |
Laboratory |
-
drive |
-
beet
- drive
- microbiological |
Condensation |
-
barometer condenser for desteaming and refinery
- vacuum pump with water ring |
-
barometer condenser for desteaming and refinery
- barometer condenser for refinery
- vacuum pump with water ring |
Energetics |
-
boilers by coal
- steam turbines and dynamos
- selling the excess of electric energy
- steam machines |
-
boilers by masut + gas
- steam turbines and dynamos
- buying electric energy |
Automatics |
|
-
microprocessing conduction of: juice purification, desteaming stations,
sugar cooking and silos |
Workshops |
-
turning shop, casting shop, belt shop, blacksmith's shop, fitter's
shop, scale shop, carpenter's shop, lokomotive repair shop, garage |
-
turning shop, belt shop, fitter's
shop, scale shop, carpenter's shop, lokomotive repair shop, garage |